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VOL. 9, ISSUE 4 (2024)
Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf and Stem Extracts of Sodom Apple (Calotropis Procera) Against Dandruff Causing Organisms (Malassezia Furfur and Staphylococcus Aureus)
Authors
Ebu Bridget, Kirfi SB, Funmilayo Ijebor, Saʹadatu Abdullahi, Isa Shehu Amina
Abstract
Microorganisms are
becoming resistant to synthetic drugs. Sodom apple plant has been used in many
traditional medicines to treat diseases and infections. Therefore; the aim of
this work is to use Sodom apple leaf and stem extract to test it efficacy
against dandruff causing organisms (M. furfur and S. aureus). Sample of Sodom
apple was collected within Bauchi metropolis and the test organisms were
isolated using serial dilution while identification was based on cultural,
morphological and biochemical screening. Cold extraction of leave and stem of
Sodom apple was obtained by soaking overnight in water while, ethanol extract
was obtained using Soxhlet extractor. The phytochemical screening of the
extract carried out, revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Saponins, Glycosides
and Steroids in both the extracts and absence of Anthraquinones in both the
extracts. The antimicrobial activity evaluated through agar well diffusion
method showed that, the extracts of leave was the most effective in terms of
inhibitory activities, exhibiting 20mm against S. aureus with a Minimum
Inhibitory Concentration of 75%. The ethanol extract inhibits 10.2mm against M.
furfur with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of 50% while the cold extract of
the stem has the zone of inhibition of 11.5mm against S. aureus with Minimum
Inhibitory Concentration of 100%. The ethanol extract has the least zone of
inhibition, 2mm against M. furfur with negative Minimum Inhibitory
Concentration. The antimicrobial data assayed against Streptomycin was
effectively higher than all the extract with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of
30mm and 27mm against M. furfur and S. aureus respectively. It could be said
that the leaf and stem extracts of Sodom apple was effective against dandruff
causing organism in combined forms. With further research on the purification
of bioactive component of Sodom apple, it could be used in the treatment of
dandruff.
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Pages:39-44
How to cite this article:
Ebu Bridget, Kirfi SB, Funmilayo Ijebor, Saʹadatu Abdullahi, Isa Shehu Amina "Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf and Stem Extracts of Sodom Apple (Calotropis Procera) Against Dandruff Causing Organisms (Malassezia Furfur and Staphylococcus Aureus)". International Journal of Academic Research and Development, Vol 9, Issue 4, 2024, Pages 39-44
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