Background: Body needs certain essential nutrients for its well-being these essential material is known as “nutrient” that are derived from the food. Good food is indispensable for health at all stages of life and satisfactory for growth during infancy, childhood and adolescent. It is well known the maintenance of health is greatly depends on adequate nutrition adolescent and it is important to fighting against diseases and illness.

India is one of the fastest growing economics in the world. Our state has achieved many milestones in the field of science and technology. In order to achieved food security and different nutritional intervention programs. Despite all this progress Odisha identified as a malnourished state. Current status of Odisha especially KBK districts such as Nabarangpur district took first position on epidemic malnutrition. It is basically habitation of Kondha and Poraja community.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to know the nutritional status of tribal mothers and children. To know the various factors including dietary practices, food taboos, hospitalization, environmental and psychological factors.

Results: In this vulnerable district some factors are behind the tribal community which leads to highly epidemic malnutrition and morbidities among mothers and below five years children, these are-kwashiorkor, marasmus, anaemia and iron deficiencies. The secondary data which indicates poverty, poor environmental sanitation, poor dietary practices, frequency infection, poor household food security, food taboos, gender issue, high consumption of rice, no special food during pregnancy, moderator work during pregnancy, not aware of nutrient food, early marriage, birth interval between two children, frequency of acute illness and below birth weight of child.

Conclusion: With the help of this study I gained in depth understanding about the tribal food habits, the various foods and non-food factors that influenced their nutritional status of the vulnerable section in these areas and their nutritional condition. This understanding will guide them for future intervention to improve the nutritional status and the government programmes on nutrition supplements in this areas.